Abstract

Malcolm Ross, New Zealand newspapers and the Samoan "troubles" of 1899

New Zealand journalist Malcolm Ross was a witness to the international rivalries over Samoa between Germany, Britain and the United States , which came to a head in 1899. Civil war had broken out after the death of King Malietoa Laupepa in August 1898 over who would be his successor. The United States and Britain stepped in and supported Laupepa's son while Germany supported a rival claimant, Mataafa. Malcolm Ross went to Samoa in late January to report on the "troubles" for three New Zealand daily newspapers, the Otago Daily Times, The Press and the Evening Post. The Samoan trip was Ross's first experience as a war correspondent, although not everybody saw the conflict as war. Wellington's Evening Post viewed the situation in Samoa as an "international scandal" and never called it a war in its headlines while the weekly gossip sheet, The Observer, called it "the Samoan bungle". The Otago Daily Times and The Press, however, saw the conflict as war and Ross as their war correspondent. This paper examines Ross's coverage of four months of the conflict until the cessation of hostilities when a three-man commission was established to look into the "troubles" and offer a solution. The paper will assess Ross's work as a journalist in a "war zone". The freedom with which he was able to operate in Samoa was not to be repeated, especially once he had become the country's official war correspondent during World War I.

Allison Oosterman
Auckland University of Technology