Animal & Veterinary Sciences

• General Inquiries

Shane is an experienced veterinary pathologist with particular interests in fish, reptile and avian pathology and microbiology.  With extensive research and teaching experience at the University of Sydney and Murdoch University he has co-authored with 21 post-graduate students over 150 scientific publications on a wide variety of animal health topics. This has been supported by $2 million in research grants.  He is  active in a number of editorial boards for international journals as well as professional organisations and scholarly networks including the Veterinary Information Network.

Avian Virology

With a long term interest in avian circoviruses Shane has been supported by ARC Discovery Grants to better understand the fundamental mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of Psittacine Beak and Feather Disease as a model for chronic viral infection.

Parasitology

FRDC funded research projects have included investigations into intracellular parasites of pearl oysters in Western Australia.  Recent research into the movement of parasites and pathogens in pigeons of Australia, funded by WEDPP, has discovered a rich diversity of parasite linkages between Australia and Papuan bird species.  Other projects studies on the impact of ectoparasites in seabirds and haemoparasites of Australian native birds.

Books & Book Chapters

• Biagini P, Bendinelli M, Hino S, Kakkola L, Mankertz A, Niel C, Okamoto H, Raidal S, Teo CG and Todd D (2012). The Single Stranded DNA Viruses. In Virus Taxonomy. Ninth Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. International Union of Microbiological Societies Virology Division. Editors King, A.M.Q, Adams, M.J, Carstens E.B. and Lefkowitz  E.J, Elsevier ISBN : 978-0-12-384684-6 pp 329-349
• Raidal SR (2012). Avian Laboratory Diagnostics. In Clinical Pathology Of Exotic Animals: Techniques & Interpretation. Wiley Blackwell. (In Press)
• Raidal SR (2011). Chapter 39, Avian Circovirus and Polyomavirus Diseases. In Fowler and Miller Zoo and Wild Animal Medicine, Current Therapy, Volume 7. Saunders.  ISBN 13: 978-1-4377-1986-4
• Clark P, Boardman W & Raidal SR (2009). Atlas of Avian Haematology. Blackwell Scientific, London.  Wiley Blackwell, ISBN 978-1405-1-9248-4
• Todd D, Bendinelli M, Biagini P, Hino S, Mankertz A, Mishiro S, Niel C, Okamoto H, Raidal S, Ritchie BW & Teo GC (2005). Circoviridae. In: Virus Taxonomy, VIIIth Report of the International Committee for the Taxonomy of Viruses (C.M. Fauquet, M.A. Mayo, J. Maniloff, U. Desselberger, and L.A. Ball, eds), 327-334. Elsevier/Academic Press, London.
• Richardson KC & Raidal SR (2002). Histology. In, Crocodiles inside out. A guide to crocodilians and their functional morphology. Surrey Beatty and Sons. Chipping Norton, NSW, Australia. pp 117-140.

Peer Reviewed Publications

• Peters A, Raidal SR, Blake A.H, Atkinson, MM Atkinson P.R, Eggins G.P. (2012) Haemochromatosis in a Brazilian tapir (Tapirus terrestris). Australian Veterinary Journal. 90, (1-2), 29-33.
• Muir M, Raidal SR (2012). Necrotising ventriculitis due to combined infection with Rhizopus microsporus var. chinensis and Candida krusei in an eclectus parrot (Eclectus roratus). (Accepted)
• Peters A. & Raidal SR (2012) An adjustable, lightweight pole system for the capture of birds using mist nets in the low to mid canopy. Corella. In press
• Butcher P, Broadhurst M, Hall K, Cullis B & Raidal SR (2012). Assessing barotrauma and release methods among angled snapper (Pagrus auratus). Fisheries Research (Accepted)
• Patterson E, Forwood J & Raidal SR (2012). Homology modeling and structural comparisons of capsid-associated proteins from circoviruses reveal important virus-specific surface antigens. Crystal Structure Theory and Applications (In Press).
• Cowan, M, Monks, D, Raidal SR (2011). Osteosarcoma in a Woma Python (Aspidites ramsayi). Australian Veterinary Journal. 89, (12), 520-523.
• Gelis, S. Spratt, D.M. & Raidal SR (2010) Neuroangiostrongyliasis and other parasites in Tawny Frogmouths (Podargus strigoides) in south-eastern Queensland. Australian Veterinary Journal. 89, (1), 47-50.
• Doneley R. & Raidal S. R (2010). Tracheal resection and anastamosis in a Red-Tailed Black Cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus banksii banksii). Australian Veterinary Journal. 88, (11), 451–454. DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.2010.00634.x
• Clark P & Raidal SR (2009). Haematological indicators of inflammation exhibited by Australian Falconiformes. Comparative Clinical Pathology, 18:1–6 DOI 10.1007/s00580-008-0739-x
• Bonne N, Shearer PL, Clark P & Raidal SR (2009). Assessment of recombinant beak and feather disease virus (BFDV) capsid protein as a vaccine for psittacine beak and feather disease (PBFD). Journal of General Virology. 90: 640 – 647.
• Shearer PL, Bonne N, Clark P & Raidal SR (2009). A blocking ELISA for the detection of antibodies to psittacine beak and feather disease virus (BFDV). Journal of Virological Methods. 158, (1-2), 136-140  http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jviromet.2009.02.009
• Shearer PL, Bonne N, Clark P & Raidal SR (2009).  A quantitative, real-time polymerase chain assay for beak and feather disease virus (BFDV). Journal of Virological Methods.  159, (1), 98-104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jviromet.2009.03.009
• Bonne N, Clark P, Shearer PL, Sharp M & Raidal SR (2009). Hematology of vaccinated and non-vaccinated long-billed corellas following infection with beak and feather disease virus (BFDV). Comparative Clinical Pathology 18, (4), 353-359.
• Bearham B, Spiers Z, Raidal SR, Jones B, & Nicholls, P.K. (2009). Detection of Minchinia occulta in samples of pearl oysters (Pinctata maxima). Infected with Haplosporidium hinei.  Australian Veterinary Journal 87, (11), 431-437.
• Todd D, Fringuelli E, Scott ANJ, Borghmans BJ, Duchatel JP, Shivaprasad HL, Raidal SR, Abadie JX, Francisioni MP, Smyth JA (2008). Sequence comparison of pigeon circoviruses. Research in Veterinary Science. 84,(2) 311-319 doi:10.1016/j.rvsc.2007.03.007
• Shearer PL, Bonne N, Clark P, Sharp M & Raidal SR (2008). Beak and feather disease virus (BFDV) infection in cockatiels (Nymphicus hollandicus). Avian Pathology. 37, (1), 75-81.
• Bearham D, Spiers Z, Raidal SR, Jones JB & Nicholls PK (2008). Detection of Minchinia sp, in rock oysters Saccostrea cuccullata (Born, 1778) using DNA probes. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology. 97, (1), 50-60. doi:10.1016/j.jip.2007.07.002
• Bonne N, Clark P, Shearer P, Raidal SR (2008). Filter paper dried biological samples and false positive PCR results. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation. 20, 60-63.
• Spiers ZB, Bearham D, Jones, JB, O’Hara A & Raidal SR (2008) Intracellular ciliated protozoal infection in silverlip pearl oysters, Pinctada maxima  (Jameson, 1901). Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 99, (3), 247-253.  doi:10.1016/j.jip.2008.07.009
• Shearer PL, Bonne N, Clark P & Raidal SR (2008). Development and applications of a monoclonal antibody to a recombinant beak and feather disease virus (BFDV) capsid protein. Journal of Virological Methods.  147, (2), 206-212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jviromet.2007.08.029
• Bearham  B, Spiers Z, Raidal SR, Nicholls PK, Jones B, Burreson E & Nicholls PK (2008). Spore ornamentation of Haplosporidium hinei n. sp (Haplosporidia) in pearl oysters Pinctada maxima (Jameson, 1901).  Parasitology. 135, (4), 521-527.
• Groffen H, Watson R, Hammer S & Raidal SR (2008). Analysis of growth rate variables and post-feeding regurgitation in hand reared Spix’s macaw (Cyanopsitta spixii) chicks. Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery. 22, (3), 189-198.
• Bearham  B, Spiers Z, Raidal SR, Nicholls P.K, Jones B, Burreson E & Nicholls, P.K. (2008). Spore ornamentation of Minchinia occulta n. sp in (Haplosporidia) in rock oysters Saccostrea cuccullata (Born, 1778). Parasitology. 135, (11), 1271-80.
• Bearham B, Spiers Z, Nicholls PK, Raidal SR, Jones B (2007). Molecular characterisation of a Haplosporidian parasite infecting rock oysters Saccostrea cuccullata in north Western Australia. J Invertebr Pathol. 95(1):33-40. doi:10.1016/j.jip.2006.11.009
• Stewart ME, Bonne N, Shearer PL, Khalesi B, Sharp M & Raidal SR (2007). Baculovirus expression of beak and feather disease virus (BFDV) capsid protein capable of self assembly and haemagglutination. Journal of Virological Methods.41,(2),181-187 doi:10.1016/j.jviromet.2006.12.011
• Stephens FJ, Raidal SR, Buller N, Jones B (2006). Infection with Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae and Vibrio harveyi in snapper, Pagrus auratus (Bloch and Schneider) with bloat. Australian Veterinary Journal. 84:173-177. 
• Raidal SR, Shearer PL, Richardson J & Stephens F (2006). Surgical removal of an ovarian tumour in a koi carp (Cyprinus carpio). Australian Veterinary Journal 84:178-181.
• Raidal SR & Jaensch S.M. (2006). Acute poisoning of silver gulls (Larus novaehollandiae) following urea fertilizer spillage. Avian Pathology. 35(1):38-41.
• Raidal SL, Clark P & Raidal SR (2006). Angiotrophic T-cell lymphoma as a cause of regenerative anemia in a horse. Journal Veterinary Internal Medicine. 20:1009–1013.
• Stewart ME,  Perry R & Raidal SR (2006). Identification of a novel circovirus in Australian ravens (Corvus coronoides) with feather disease. Avian Pathology. 35:(2), 86-92.
• Raidal SR, Shearer PL & Prince RIT (2006). Chronic shoulder osteoarthritis in a loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta). Australian Veterinary Journal, 84(7):231-4.
• Raidal SR Butler R, Monks D & Shearer PL (2006). Airsac cystadenocarcinomas in cockatoos. Australian Veterinary Journal, 84(6):213-6.
• Raidal SR, Cannell, B. Norman R. & Shearer P.L. (2006). Micromelia in a little penguin (Eudyptes minor). Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery, 20(4): 258-262.
• Loh R, Bergfeld J, Hayes D, O’Hara A, Pyecroft SB, Raidal SR, Sharpe R (2006). The pathology of Devil Facial Tumour Disease (DFTD) in Tasmanian Devils (Sarcophilus harrisii). Veterinary Pathology 43:890-895.
• Loh R, Hayes D, Mahjoor A, O’Hara A, Pyecroft SB & Raidal SR  (2006). The immunohistochemical characterisation of Devil Facial Tumour Disease (DFTD) in the Tasmanian Devil (Sarcophilus harrisii). Veterinary Pathology 43:896-903.
• Jaensch SM & Raidal SR (2006). Peripheral erythrophagocytosis in two reptiles. Comparative Clinical Pathology. 15(2), 113-116. DOI:10.1007/s00580-006-0599-1
• Khalesi B, Bonne NJ, Stewart M, Sharp M & Raidal SR (2005). A comparison of haemagglutination (HA), haemagglutination inhibition (HI) and PCR for the detection of psittacine beak and feather disease virus (BFDV) infection and a comparison of isolates obtained from Loriids. Journal of General Virology. 86:3039-3046. DOI:10.1099/vir.0.81275-0
• Stephens FJ, Raidal SR & Jones B (2004). Haematopoietic necrosis in a goldfish (Carassius auratus) associated with an agent morphologically similar to herpesvirus. Australian Veterinary Journal, 82:167-169 http://www.ava.com.au/avj/private/0403/04030167.pdf
• Stephens F, Cleary J, Jenkins G, Jones B, Raidal SR & Thomas JB (2003). Treatments to control Haliotrema sp. in the West Australian dhufish, Glaucosoma hebraicum. Aquaculture. Volume 215:1-10 doi:10.1016/S0044-8486(01)00876-6
• Jaensch SM, Hobbs R & Raidal SR (2003) Cnemidocoptes intermedius in a wild currawong (Strepera versicolor) Australian Veterinary Journal 2003;81:411 http://www.ava.com.au/avj//0307/03070411.pdf
• Gartrell BD, Raidal SR & Jones SM (2003). Renal Disease in Captive Swift Parrots (Lathamus discolor): Part 1. Clinical findings and disease management. Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery 17, 206-212. DOI: 10.1043/1082-6742(2003)017<0213:RDICSP>2.0.CO;2
• Gartrell BD, Raidal SR & Jones SM (2003). Renal Disease in Captive Swift Parrots (Lathamus discolor): Part 2. The effect of diet on plasma uric acid concentrations Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery 17, 213-223.  DOI: 10.1043/1082-6742(2003)017<0206:RDICSP>2.0.CO;2
• Stephens FJ, Cleary J, Jenkins G, Jones B, Raidal SR & Thomas JB (2002). The effect of CO2 rich ground water on the West Australian dhufish (Glaucosoma hebraicum). Aquaculture 208, 169-176. doi:10.1016/S0044-8486(01)00717-7
• Jaensch SM, O’Hara M, Wyatt K & Raidal SR (2002).  Atypical multiple, papilliform, xanthomatous, cutaneous neoplasia in a goose (Anser anser). Australian Veterinary Journal 80: 277-280 http://www.ava.com.au/avj/0205/02050277.pdf
• Jaensch SM, Cullen L & Raidal SR (2002). Airsac functional anatomy of the sulphur crested cockatoo (Cacatua galerita) during isoflurane anaesthesia, Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery, 16: 2-9 DOI:10.1043/1082-6742(2002)016<0002:ASFAOT>2.0.CO;2
• Stephens FJ, Cleary J, Jenkins G, Jones B, Raidal SR & Thomas JB (2002). Haemoglobin and oxygen transport of the West Australian dhufish, Glaucosoma hebraicum Richardson, and other species. Journal of Fish Diseases, 25: 409-414.
• Jaensch SM, Cullen L and Raidal SR (2001). Normobaric hyperoxic stress in budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus): enzymic antioxidants and lipid peroxidation. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part C. 128, 173-180. doi:10.1016/S1532-0456(00)00186-1
• Jaensch SM, Cullen L, Morton, L and Raidal SR (2001). Normobaric hyperoxic stress in budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus): non-enzymic antioxidants. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part C . 128, 181-187.  doi:10.1016/S1532-0456(00)00187-3
• Jaensch SM, Cullen L and Raidal SR (2001). The pathology of normobaric hyperoxic stress in budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus). Avian Pathology, 30, 135 – 142
• Bassami MR, Ypelaar I, Berryman D, Wilcox GE & Raidal SR (2001) Genetic diversity of beak and feather disease virus detected in psittacine species in Australia. Virology, 279, 392-400. doi:10.1006/viro.2000.0847
• Raidal SR & Butler R (2001). Chronic rhinosinusitis and rhamphothecal destruction in a Major Mitchell’s cockatoo (Cacatua leadbeateri) due to Cryptococcus neoformans var gattii.  Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery. 15, 121-125.  DOI: 10.1043/1082-6742(2001)015<0121:CRARDI>2.0.CO;2
• Morgan UM, Monis PT, Xiao L, Limor J, Sulaiman I, Raidal SR,  O'Donoghue P, Gasser R, Murray A, Fayer R, Blagburn BL, Lal AA & Thompson RCA (2001). Molecular and phylogenetic characterisation of Cryptosporidium from birds. International Journal for Parasitology. 31, 289-296. doi:10.1016/S0020-7519(00)00164-8
• Stephens FJ, Cleary J, Jenkins G, Jones B, Raidal SR & Thomas JB (2001). Pathogenesis and epidemiology of spontaneous exophthalmos in the West Australian dhufish, Glaucosoma hebraicum Richardson Journal of Fish Diseases. 24, 515-522.
• Phenix KV, Weston JH, Ypelaar I, Lavazza A, Todd D, Wilcox GE & Raidal SR (2001). Nucleotide sequence analysis of a novel circovirus of canaries and its relationship to other members of the circovirus genus, family Circoviridae. Journal of General Virology, 82, 2805-2809  http://vir.sgmjournals.org/cgi/reprint/82/11/2805
• Jaensch SM, Cullen L, Raidal SR (2001). Comparison of endotracheal, caudal thoracic air sac, and clavicular air sac administration of isoflurane in sulphur-crested cockatoos (Cacatua galerita). Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery, 15, 162-169.  DOI: 10.1043/1082-6742(2001) 015<0170:COECTA>2.0.CO;2
• Raidal SR & Jaensch SM (2000) Central nervous disease and blindness in Nankeen kestrels (Falco cenchroides) due to a novel Leucocytozoon-like infection. Avian Pathology 29, 51-56. DOI:10.1080/03079450094289
• Jaensch SM, Cullen L and Raidal SR (2000) Assessment of liver function in chickens using galactose and indocyanine green clearances. Avian Pathology, 29, 109-116. DOI:10.1080/03079450094135
• Morgan UM, Xiao L, Limor J, Gelis S, Raidal SR, Fayer R, Lal  A, Elliot A, and Thompson RCA (2000). Cryptosporidium meleagridis in an Indian ring-necked parrot (Psittacula krameri). Australian Veterinary Journal, 78, 182-183. http://www.ava.com.au/avj/0003/00030182.pdf
• Gartrell B, O’Donoghue P and Raidal SR (2000). Eimeria dunsingi in free living musk lorikeets Glossopsitta concinna. Australian Veterinary Journal, 78, 717-718.
• Jaensch SM, Cullen L and Raidal SR (2000). Assessment of liver function in Galahs (Eolophus roseicapillus) following partial hepatectomy: a comparison of plasma enzyme concentrations, serum bile acid determinations and galactose clearance tests. Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery. 14, 164-171.  DOI: 10.1043/1082-6742(2000)014<0164:AOLFIG>2.0.CO;2
• Jaensch SM, Cullen L and Raidal SR (1999). Comparative cardiopulmonary effects of halothane and isoflurane in galahs (Eolophus roseicapillus). Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery. 13, 15-22.
• Raidal SR, Jaensch SM and Ende J (1999) A parasitic infection of the brain and eyes of a Peregrine Falcon and Nankeen Kestrels (Falco cenchroides) in Western Australia. Emu 99, 291-292. doi:10.1071/MU99034A
• Ypelaar I, Bassami MR, Wilcox GE and Raidal SR (1999). A universal polymerase chain reaction for the detection of psittacine beak and feather disease virus. Veterinary Microbiology. 68, 141-148.
• Raidal SR, Cross GM, Tomaszewski E, Graham DL, Phalen DN (1998). A serological survey for avian polyomavirus Pacheco’s disease virus in Australian cockatoos. Avian Pathology 27, 263-268.
• Jaensch SM and Raidal SR (1998). Blood volume determination in the galah (Eolophus roseicapillus) using indocyanine green. Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery. 12, 21-24.
• Raidal SR, O’Hara M, Hobbs RP & Prince RIT (1998). Gram negative bacterial infections and cardiovascular parasitism in green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas). Australian  Veterinary  Journal. 76, 415-417. http://www.ava.com.au/avj/9806/98060415.pdf
• Raidal SR (1998). Salmonellosis in two canary (Serinus canaria) flocks. Australian Veterinary Practitioner 28, 67-70.
• Bassami MR, Berryman D, Wilcox GE & Raidal SR (1998) Psittacine beak and feather disease virus nucleotide sequence analysis and its relationship to porcine circovirus, plant circoviruses and chicken anaemia virus. Virology. 249, 453-459.
• Ladyman JM, Kuchling G, Burford D, Boardman W & Raidal SR (1998). Skin disease affecting the conservation of the western swamp tortoise (Pseudemydura umbrina). Australian Veterinary Journal.  76, 743-745. http://www.ava.com.au/avj/9811/98110743.pdf
• Raidal SR, Raidal SL, Richards RB, Cosgriff AV and Rose KJ (1997). Acute paraplegia in a Thoroughbred racehorse after general anaesthesia Australian Veterinary Journal. 75, 178-180.
• Raidal SR (1997). Bilateral necrotizing pectenitis causing blindness in a rainbow lorikeet (Trichoglossus haematodus). Avian Pathology, 26, 871-876
• Raidal SR and Riddoch PA (1997). A feather disease in Senegal doves (Streptopelia senegalensis) morphologically similar to psittacine beak and feather disease. Avian Pathology 26, 829-836.
• McKeon T, Dunsmore J and Raidal SR (1997). Trichomonas gallinae in budgerigars and columbid birds in Perth, Western Australia. Australian Veterinary Journal. 75:652-655
• Raidal SR, Gill JA and Cross GM (1996). Pox in ostrich chicks Australian Veterinary Journal. 73, 32-33.
• Riddoch PA, Raidal SR and Cross GM (1996). Psittacine circovirus antibody detection and an update on the methods for diagnosis of psittacine beak and feather disease.  Australian Veterinary Practitioner, 26, 134-139.
• Raidal SR and Cross GM (1995). Acute necrotizing hepatitis caused by experimental infection with psittacine beak and feather disease virus. The Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery 9, 36-40.
• Raidal SR (1995). Staphylococcal dermatitis in quail with a parakeratotic hyperkeratotic dermatosis suggestive of pantothenic acid deficiency.  Avian Pathology. 24, 583-587.
• Raidal SR, Gill JA and Cross GM (1995). Inclusion body bronchitis in Bourke’s parrots.  Australian Veterinary Practitioner. 25, 170-171.
• Raidal SR and Cross GM (1994).  The haemagglutination spectrum of psittacine beak and feather disease virus.  Avian Pathology, 23, 621-630.
• Raidal SR and Cross GM (1994). Control of psittacine beak and feather disease in a flock of Agapornis spp. by vaccination.  Australian Veterinary Practitioner, 24, 178-180
• Raidal SR, Sabine, M. and Cross GM (1993).  Laboratory diagnosis of psittacine beak and feather disease by haemagglutination and haemagglutination inhibition. Australian Veterinary Journal, 70, (4), 133-137.
• Raidal SR, McElnea, C.L. and Cross GM (1993). Seroprevalence of psittacine beak and feather disease in wild psittacine birds in New South Wales. Australian Veterinary Journal, 70, (4), 137-139.
• Raidal SR, Firth, G.A and Cross GM (1993).  Vaccination and challenge studies with psittacine beak and feather disease virus. Australian Veterinary Journal, 70, (12) 437-441. http://www.ava.com.au/avj/0010/00100717.pdf DOI:10.1080/0307945012004453 doi:10.1046/j.1365-2761.2001.00319.x doi:10.1046/j.1365-2761.2002.00389.x

Teaching Manuals (refereed)

• Raidal SR, Cross GM, Fenwick S, Nicholls PK, Nowak N, Ellard K & Stephens F (2004) Aquatic Animal Health Exotic Disease Training Manual. FRDC Project 2002/645. Murdoch Print. ISBN 0 86905 847 9     http://numbat.murdoch.edu.au/fish/exotic/ 

Scientific Reports (Not Refereed)