Multilingual Children's Speech
| Language (Dialect) | Reference | No. of participants | Acquisition data | Access information |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Samoan | Ballard, E., & Farao, S. (2008). The phonological skills of Samoan speaking 4 year olds. International Journal of Speech Language Pathology, 10(6), 379–391. | 20 | C, V, PCC, PVC | |
Samoan | Hovdhaugenaugen, E. & Simonsen, H. (1987). On the acquisition of t- and k-languages by Samoan children. In V. Rosen (Ed.), Papers from the 10th Scandinavian conference on linguistics (pp. 1–5). Department of Linguistics and Phonetics, University of Bergen. | 4 | C | - |
Sesotho | Demuth, K. (1992) Acquisition of Sesotho. In D. Slobin (Ed.), The cross-linguistic study of language acquisition (Vol. 3, pp. 557–638), Lawrence Erlbaum. | 4 | Spontaneous speech, grammatical development | |
Sesotho | Demuth, K. (1993) Issues in the acquisition of the Sesotho tonal system. Journal of Child Language 20, 275–301. | 1 | T | |
Sesotho | Demuth, K., Machobane, M., & Moloi, F. (2009). Learning how to license null noun-class prefixes in Sesotho. Language, 85(4), 864–883. | 3 | Noun class prefixes | |
SetswanaTswana | Mahura, O. (2021). The acquisition of Setswana phonology in children aged 2; 0–6;5 years. [Unpublished PhD dissertation]. University of Cape Town. | 81 | C, V, T, PCC, PVC, PPC, | |
SetswanaTswana | Mahura, O. O., & Pascoe, M. (2016). The acquisition of Setswana segmental phonology in children aged 3.0–6.0 years: A cross-sectional study. International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 18(6), 533–549. | 36 | C, V, PCC, PVC, PPC | |
Slovenian | Božič Ranfl, A. (2016). Fonološki in fonetični razvoj otroškega govora: usvajanje slovenskega jezika pri otroku, starem od tri do štiri leta. [Master thesis]. Univerza v Ljubljani, Pedagoška fakulteta. | 1 | C, CC, WWM, PCC, PVC, syllables, stress, PMLU, PWP, phonological processes | |
Slovenian | Dolinar, M. Razumljivost govora predšolskih otrok. [Bachelor thesis]. Univerza v Ljubljani, Pedagoška fakulteta. | 223 | Intell | |
Slovenian | Ivetac, T. (2014). Razumljivost govora otrok v vsakdanjem življenju pri otrocih z govorno jezikovno motnjo: [Bachelor thesis, Univerza v Ljubljani, Pedagoška fakulteta]. PeFprints. | 257 | Intell | |
Slovenian | Kogovšek, D., Ozbič, M. (2013). Lestvica razumljivosti govora v vsakdanjem življenju: slovenščina = Intelligibility scale of everyday speech: slovene. Defektologica slovenica: revija defektologov in specialnih pedagogov Slovenije, 21 (1), 24-33. | 104 | Intell | |
Slovenian | Marin, A. (2013). Fonološki (govorni) razvoj otrok med 2;5. in 5;7. letom starosti: transkripcija govora. [Phonological (speech) development of children between 2;5 and 5;7 years of age: The transcription of speech]. [Bachelor thesis, Univerza v Ljubljani, Pedagoška fakulteta]. | 70 | C, CC, WWM, phonological processes | |
Slovenian | Muznik, M. (2012). Fonološki razvoj otrok med 3. in 7. letom starosti (transkripcija govora) [Phonological development of children between 3 and 7 years of age (transcription of speech].[Bachelor thesis, Univerza v Ljubljani, Pedagoška fakulteta]. | 54 | C, CC | |
Slovenian | Ozbič M., Kogovšek D., Stemberger J. P., Bernhardt B. M., Muznik M. & Novšak Brce J. (2018). Word-initial rhotics in Slovenian 4-year olds with typical versus protracted phonological development, Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics, 32(5-6), 523-543. | 32 | C, CC | |
Slovenian | Ozbič, M., Kogovšek, D., Novšak Brce, J., Bernhardt, M. B., Stemberger, J. P., Muznik, M., Marin, A. (2014). Fonološki procesi v govoru slovenskih predšolskih otrok: Epenteza [Phonological processes in speech of Slovenian preschool children: Epenthesis]. In Devjak, T. (Ed.). Sodobni pedagoški izzivi v teoriji in praksi (pp. 277-305). Pedagoška fakulteta. | 54 | Phonological processes | |
Slovenian | Ozbič, M., Kogovšek, D., Novšak Brce, J., Marin, A., Bernhardt, Handford B., Stemberger, J. P. (2015). Slovenian phonological development and parent-rated intelligibility in pre-schoolers. International Symposium on Monolingual and Bilingual Speech. | 54 | C, CC, Intell | |
Slovenian | Ozbič, M., Kogovšek, D., Novšak Brce, J., Muznik, M., Marin, A., Bernhardt, M. B., & Stemberger, J. P. (2014). Analiza fonološkega razvoja otrok: mere ujemanja. Komunikacija, 3(6), 28–39. | 54 | WWM | |
Slovenian | Ozbič, M., Kogovšek, D., Novšak Brce, J., Muznik, M., Marin, A., Stemberger, J. P., & Bernhardt, M. B. (2015). Fonološki razvoj predšolskih otrok: Ssičniki, šumniki, zlitniki. In T. Devjak (Ed.), Vpliv družbenih sprememb na vzgojo in izobraževanje (pp. 221–237). Pedagoška fakulteta. | 54 | C, CC, phonological processes | |
Slovenian | Ozbič, M., Kogovšek, D., Novšak Brce, J., Muznik, M., Stemberger, J. P., Bernhardt, B. H. (2015). Sliding articulation in Slovenian preschool children, aged from 3 to 7 years. International Symposium on Monolingual and Bilingual Speech. | 72 | C, CC, phonological processes | |
Slovenian | Ozbič, M., Kogovšek, D., Novšak Brce, J., Muznik, M., Stemberger, J. P, Bernhardt, M. B.. Razvoj sičnikov, šumnikov in zlitnikov pri slovenskih predšolskih otrocih. In M. Smolej (Ed.). Slovnica in slovar - aktualni jezikovni opis. (pp. 543-552). Znanstvena založba Filozofske fakultetepp. | 54 | C, CC, phonological processes | |
Slovenian | Ravnikar, J. (2015). Stopnja razumljivosti govora predšolskega otroka.[Bachelor thesis, Univerza v Ljubljani, Pedagoška fakulteta]. PeFprints. | 46 | Intell | |
Slovenian | Škofic, M. (2015). Vpliv pogostih vnetij ušes na fonološki razvoj predšolskega otroka.[The influence of frequent ear infections on the phonological development of a preschool child]. [Bachelor thesis, Univerza v Ljubljani, Pedagoška fakulteta]. | 9 | C, CC, Intell, WWM phonological processes | |
Slovenian | Bernhardt, M. B., Bérubé, D., Lleó, C., Másdóttir, T., Ozbič, M., Ramalho, M., Stemberger, J. P., Vivar, P. (2014). Word-initial rhotic cluster acquisition in European Portuguese, Icelandic, Slovene, Spanish and Zapotec: 15th ICPLA Conference, Stockholm, Sweden. | 54 | C/r/ | |
Spanish – Andalusian: Granada | Bernhardt, B. M., Raymond, G., Ávila, C., Cáceres Serrano, P., Carballo, G., Fresneda, D., Mendzoa, E., Hoang, K., Liu, L., Muñoz, J., Pérez, D. & Stemberger, J. P. (2023). Singleton consonant onset acquisition in monolingual Granada Spanish-speaking preschoolers with typical versus protracted phonological development: Impacts of word structure and feature constraints. Journal of Child Language, Advance online publication. | 30 + (29 SSD) | C | |
Spanish – Andalusian: Granada | Carballo, G., & Mendoza, E. (2000). Acoustic characteristics of trill productions by groups of Spanish children. Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics, 14(8), 587-601. | 45 | C | |
Spanish – Castilian | Aguilar, E., & Serra, M. (2003). Análisis del retraso del habla. Publicacions i Edicions de la Universitat de Barcelona. | 106 | C, CC, V | |
Spanish – Castilian | Albalá, M., Marrero, V., & Cappelli, G. (1996). Procesos fonológicos en dos niños de 2 a 6 años (pp. 87-102). Universidad Santiago de Compostela. | 2 | C, CC, V | |
Spanish – Castilian | Bosch, L. (2004). Evaluación fonológica del habla infantil. Masson. | 293 | C, CC, V | - |
Spanish – Castilian | Diez-Itza, E., & Martínez, V. (2004). Las etapas tardías de la adquisición fonológica: procesos de reducción de grupos consonánticos. Anuario de Psicología, 35, 177-202. | 240 | CC | - |
Spanish – Castilian | Diez-Itza, E., Martínez, V., Cantora, R., Justicia, F., & Bosch, L. (2001). Late phonological processes in the acquisition of Spanish. In M. Almgren, A. Barrera, M. J. Ezeizabarrena, I. Idiazabal & B. Macwhinney (Eds.). Research on child language acquisition, (pp. 790-799). Cascadilla Press. | 60 | C, CC, V | |
Spanish – Castilian | Fernández-López, I. (2007). La adquisición del sistema fonológico en niños castellanohablantes, perfiles y condicionamientos [Tesis doctoral inédita] [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. Universidad de Santiago de Compostela. | 71 | C, CC, V | |
Spanish – Castilian | Lorenzo Herrera, L. (2019). Procesos de desarrollo fonológico en etapas tempranas: una comparativa interlingüística entre el inglés, el castellano y el portugués [Tesis doctoral inédita] [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. Universidad de Santiago de Compostela. | 12 | C, CC, V | |
Spanish – Castilian | Martínez, V. (2010). Etapas tardías del desarrollo fonológico infantil: procesos y límites del trastorno [Tesis doctoral inédita] [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. Universidad de Oviedo. | 240 | C, CC, V | |
Spanish – Chilean | Coloma, C. J., Pavez, M. M., Maggiolo, M. & Peñaloza, C. (2010). Desarrollo fonológico en niños de 3 y 4 años según la fonología natural: Incidencia de la edad y del género. Revista Signos. 43(72), 31–48. | 180 | Phonological simplification processes | |
Spanish – Chilean | Hamdan, N., Soto-Barba, J., Sáez-Carrillo, K., & Riffo, B. (2020). Desempeño fonético-fonológico y léxico-semántico en un grupo de preescolares de sectores vulnerables de la provincia de Concepción: Incidencia del sexo y relación entre los niveles lingüísticos. Nueva revista del Pacífico, 73, 356–377. | 30 | Phonetic-phonological processes | |
Spanish – Chilean | León, H. (2012). Ajustes fonético-fonológicos en niños(as) de habla normal entre 3 a 4 años y 4 a 5 años. [Tesis Doctoral], Universidad de Concepción. | 18 | Phonetic-phonological processes | |
Spanish – Chilean | León, H., Soto-Barba, J. & Ñanculeo, M. (2019). Phonetic-phonological adjustments in children with typical speech between 3 to 4 and 4 to 5 years old, Onomázein, 43, 200–222 | 18 | Phonetic-phonological processes | |
Spanish – Chilean | Pavez G. M. M., Coloma, T. C. J., Maggiolo, L. M., & Peñaloza, C. C. (2013). Procesos de simplificación fonológica en niños de 4, 5 y 6 años con dificultades fonológicas. Revista Chilena De Fonoaudiología, 12, 49–61. | 34 | Phonological simplification processes | |
Spanish – Chilean | Pérez, D., Vivar, P., Bernhardt, B. M., Mendoza, E., Ávila, C., Carballo, G., Fresneda, D., Muñoz, J., & Vergara, P. (2018). Word-initial rhotic clusters in Spanish-speaking preschoolers in Chile and Granada, Spain. Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics, 32(5–6), 481–505. | 9 TD; 30 TD; 29SSD | CCV | |
Spanish – Chilean | Soto-Barba, J., León, H. & Torres, V. (2011). Una propuesta para la clasificación de los ajustes fonético-fonológicos del habla infantil (CLAFF). Onomázein 23(1), 69-79. | 1 | Phonetic-phonological processes | |
Spanish – Chilean | Torres-Bustos, V. & Soto-Barba, J. (2016). Ajustes fonético-fonológicos en niños con trastornos específicos del lenguaje mixtos (TEL Mixto). Onomázein, 33, 69–87. | 6 DLD | Phonetic-phonological processes | |
Spanish – Chilean | Vergara, P. (2014). Patrones Fonológicos en niños entre 3;0 y 5;11 años con desarrollo típico del lenguaje que asisten a jardines infantiles de Puerto Montt según el enfoque de la Fonología no lineal y natural [Tesis de Magíster inédita] Universidad de Valparaíso. | 30 TD | C, V, CC, WWM, WSM, CCV | - |
Spanish – Chilean | Vergara, P., Bernhardt, B. M., Pérez, D., Vivar, P., & Diez-Itza, E. (2021). Consonant cluster acquisition in Chilean children with typical and protracted phonological development Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics, 35(10), 964–982. | 20 TD; 20 SSD | CCV | |
Spanish – Chilean | Vergara, P., Pérez, D., Torres-Bustos, V., & Diez-Itza, E. (2023). Patrones fonológicos de los grupos consonánticos en niños chilenos: Transición crítica en las etapas tardías de adquisición. Onomázein | 20 TD | CCV | |
Spanish – Chilean | Vivar, P. (2009). Evaluación de grupos consonánticos de ataque complejo en un grupo de niños de la ciudad de Concepción con prueba articulatoria CEFI. Onomázein, 20, 33–44. | 72 | CCV | |
Spanish – Chilean | Vivar, P. & León H. (2007). Aplicación del Cuestionario para la evaluación de la Fonología Infantil (CEFI) a una muestra de niños chilenos. Revista Chilena de Fonoaudiología, 8(1), 17–31. | 72 | C, CVV, CCV | |
Spanish – Chilean | Vivar, P. & León, H. (2009). Desarrollo fonológico-fonético en un grupo de niños entre 3 y 5,11 años. Revista CEFAC, 11(2), 190–198. | 72 | C | |
Spanish – Chilean, Castilian | Vergara, P. (2021). Patrones Fonológicos comparados: Desarrollo típico, Desarrollo Prolongado y Síndrome de Down [Tesis Doctoral, Universidad de Oviedo]. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Oviedo. | 92 TD; 21 SSD; 24 DS | C, V, CCV, CVV, S, WWM, WSM | |
Spanish – Chilean, Eastern Andalusian: Granada | Pérez, D., Vivar, P., Bernhardt, B.M., Mendoza, E., Ávila, C., Carballo, G., Fresneda, D., Muñoz, J., & Vergara, P. (2018). Word-initial rhotic clusters in Spanish-speaking preschoolers in Chile and Granada, Spain. Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics, 32(5-6), 481-505. | 30 + (29 SSD, Spain; 39, Chile) | CC | |
Spanish – Eastern Andalusian: Granada | Bernhardt, B. M., Hanson, R., Pérez, D., Ávila, C., Lleó, C., Stemberger, J. P., Carballo, G., Mendoza, E., Fresneda, D., & Chávez‐Peón, M. (2015). Word structures of Granada Spanish‐speaking preschoolers with typical versus protracted phonological development. International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders, 50(3), 298-311. | 30 + (29, SSD) | C+ | |
Spanish – Eastern Andalusian: Granada (Español) + | Bernhardt, B. M., & Stemberger, J. P. (2017). Investigating typical and protracted phonological development across languages. In E. Babatsouli, D. Ingram & N. Müller (Eds.) Crosslinguistic encounters in language acquisition: Typical and atypical development (pp. 71-108). Multilingual Matters. | 29 + (30 SSD, Spain; 31, China) | Diphthongs | |
Spanish – Málaga | González, M.J. (1989). Análisis del desarrollo fonológico en sujetos malagueños. [Analysis of the phonological development of children from Málaga]. Infancia y aprendizaje, 48(12), 7-24. | 198 | C | |
Spanish – Mexican | Acevedo, M. A. (1988). Development of Spanish consonants in three to five year olds. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, Boston. | 5 | C | - |
Spanish – Mexican | Acevedo, M. A. (1993). Development of Spanish consonants in preschool children. Journal of Childhood Communication Disorders 15(2), 9-15. | No data | C | |
Spanish – Mexican | Aguilar Ruiz, M. (2012). La entonación del habla infantil de la ciudad de Puebla. Tesis de Licenciatura. Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla. | 8 | Intonation | |
Spanish – Mexican | Arellanes, F., Meneses S. & Herrasti, L. (2004). Las líquidas en el habla de niños de la ciudad de México. En R. Barriga (Ed.). El habla infantil en cuatro dimensiones (pp. 15-47). El Colegio de México. | 12 | C | |
Spanish – Mexican | Ávila, S. (2004). Vacilación y entonación. Datos en el habla infantil mexicana. In R. Barriga (Ed.), El habla infantil en cuatro dimensiones (pp. 49-80). El Colegio de México. | 6 | Intonation | |
Spanish – Mexican | Barriga, R. (2016). Prólogo. Ires y venires del desarrollo lingüístico infantil. In R. Barriga (Ed.). Lenguaje en Movimiento (pp. 11-25).El Colegio de México. | No data | C, V | |
Spanish – Mexican | Beltrán-Navarro, B., González-Reyes, A. L., Matute, E., Rosselli, M. (2016). El desarrollo de habilidades de conciencia fonológica de niños mexicanos de 2 años y 6 meses a 5 años y 11 meses de edad. Edupsykhé. Revista de Psicología y Educación, 15(1), 31-51. | 411 | Phonological awareness | |
Spanish – Mexican | Calderón, G., Carrillo, M., & Rodríguez, M. (2006). La conciencia fonológica y el nivel de escritura silábico: un estudio con niños preescolares. Límite. Revista de Filosofía y Psicología, 1 (13), 81-100. | 40 | Phonological awareness | - |
Spanish – Mexican | Chávez-Peón, M., Bernhardt, B.M., Adler-Bock, M., Ávila, C., Carballo, C., Fresneda, M., Lleó, C. Mendoza, E., Pérez, D. & Stemberger, J. (2012). A Spanish pilot investigation for a crosslinguistic study in protracted phonological development, Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics, 26(3), 255-272. | 117 | C, V, syllable structure | |
Spanish – Mexican | Cortés Monter, D. (2015). Recuperación de conocimiento semántico, fonológico y de forma mediante el rastreo visual de imágenes y palabras en niños escolares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. | 194 | C, V, syllable structure | |
Spanish – Mexican | Cortés, D., Angulo, A. & Arias, N. (2017). Differences between skilled and less-skilled young readers in the retrieval of semantic, phonological, and shape in formation. Journal of Research in Reading, 40(1), 170-189. | 194 | C, V, syllable structure | |
Spanish – Mexican | De la Mora, A. (2018). La adquisición de la estructura silábica en niños preescolares de la Ciudad de México. Fuentes Humanísticas, 30 (56), 159-178. | 50 | Syllable structure | |
Spanish – Mexican | De la Mora, J. (1998). Los procesos fonológicos en la adquisición del español en niños de entre tres y cuatro años. Colegio Superior de Neurolingüística y Psicopedagogía. | 180 | C, V, syllable structure | |
Spanish – Mexican | Eblen, R. (1982). A study of the acquisition of fricatives by three-year-old children learning Mexican Spanish. Language and Speech, 25(3), 201-202. | 6 | C | |
Spanish – Mexican | Ferreiro, E. (2013). Entre la sílaba oral y la palabra escrita. En E. Ferreiro (Ed.). El ingreso a la escritura y a las culturas de lo escrito: textos de investigación (pp. 109-120). Siglo XXI. | No data | C, V, orthography | |
Spanish – Mexican | Flores Hernández, A. & Ramírez Hernández, E. (2016). Teoría universalista de Jakobson y orden de adquisición de los fonemas consonánticos del español mexicano: estudio de caso. Onomázein. Revista semestral de lingüística, filología y traducción,34, 1-7. | 2 | C, V, syllable structure | |
Spanish – Mexican, Puerto Rican | Goldstein, B. (2007). Phonological skills in Puerto Rican and Mexican Spanish- speaking children with phonological disorders. Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics, 21(2), 93–109. | 12 | C | |
Spanish – Mexican | Jiménez, B. C. (1987). Acquisition of Spanish consonants in children aged 3-5 years, 7 months. Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools, 18, 357-362. | 120 | C | |
Spanish – Mexican | Macken, M. (1979). Developmental reorganization of phonology: a hierarchy of basic units of acquisition. Lingua 49, 11-49. | 1 | C | |
Spanish – Mexican | Martínez, R. & Alcaraz, V. (1998). La fonología de las primeras palabras del español de la Ciudad de México: una relectura a lo propuesto por Roman Jakobson. Estudios sobre la adquisición de algunas lenguas de México. Número Especial. Función, 18, 21-34. | 7 | C, V | |
Spanish – Mexican | Narváez, S. (2012). Desarrollo fonológico y prágmatico del habla infantil: un estudio de caso longitudinal. B.A. thesis. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. | 4 | C, V, prosody, syllable, | |
Spanish – Mexican | Oropeza, M. (1987). El curso del desarrollo consonántico en niños hispanohablantes de dos a seis años de edad. B.A. thesis. Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa. | 55 | C, CC | - |
Spanish – Mexican | Oropeza, M. (2000). Factores lingüísticos que inciden en el desarrollo fonológico: Reflexiones a partir de un estudio con niños de dos a seis años que adquieren el español como lengua materna. Lingüística Mexicana, 1(2), 229-246. | 55 | C, V, prosody, syllable, | |
Spanish – Mexican | Oropeza, M. (2001). Adquisición de la estructura silábica del español en niños de dos a seis años. Colección Pedagógica Universitaria, 36. Universidad Veracruzana. | 55 | C, CC; syllable structure | - |
Spanish – Mexican | Oropeza, M. (2001a). Relaciones secuenciales y procesos fonológicos en la adquisición del español como lengua materna. InC. Rojas & L. de León (Eds.). La adquisición de la lengua materna: español, lenguas mayas, euskera. (pp. 125-139). Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México-Centro de Investigaciones Estudios Superiores en Antropología Social. | No data | C | - |
Spanish – Mexican | Oropeza, M. (2017). Adquisición de las consonantes líquidas en el español de México. Revista de Investigación Educativa 25, 169-196. | 55 | C | |
Spanish – Mexican | Oropeza, M. (2021). Adquisición de los segmentos y secuencias consonánticos del español desde la perspectiva de la Teoría de la Optimalidad. Lingüística Mexicana. Nueva Época, III, 2, 31-45. | 55 | syllable, word, C, V | |
Spanish – Mexican | Rojas-Nieto, C. (2011). En los límites de la palabra. Un problema en la adquisición temprana del lenguaje. In F. Arellanes, S. Ibáñez y C. Rojas-Nieto (Eds.), De morfología y temas asociados. Homenaje a Elisabeth Beniers (pp. 261-287). Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. | No data | Prosody | - |
Spanish – Mexican | Salgado, K. (2017). Dificultad de articulación del fonema vibrante alveolar simple y múltiple durante la etapa de adquisición del lenguaje. B.A. Thesis. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. | 42 | C | |
Spanish – Mexican | Vernon, S. (1997). La relación entre la conciencia fonológica y los niveles de conceptualización de la escritura. B.A. Thesis. Instituto Politécnico Nacional. | 40 | C, V, syllable structure | |
Spanish – Mexican | Villalobos, L. (2014). Influencia prosódica en la adquisición de clíticos nominales. M.A. Thesis. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. | 1 | Syllable | - |
Spanish – Mexican | Villalobos, L. (2019). La marcación de foco en el habla dirigida a niños: marcos léxicos y estrategias prosódicas. In V. Belloro (Ed.). La Interfaz Sintaxis-Pragmática Estudios teóricos, descriptivos y experimentales (pp. 283-210). De Gruyter. | 3 | Prosody | - |
Spanish – Mexican | Villalobos, L. (2021a). Prosodia de la expresión temprana del foco informativo y del foco contrastivo en español. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. | 3 | C, V | |
Spanish – Mexican | Villalobos, L. (2021b). Interacción, léxico y prosodia en la expresión temprana del foco informativo en español. Signos Lingüísticos, 17, 33, 110-151. | 3 | C, V | |
Spanish – Peruvian | Susaníbar Chavez, F., Huamaní Condori, O., & Dioses Chocano, A. (2013). Adquisición fonética-fonológica. Instituto Psicopedagógico EOS Perú, 1, 19–36. | 259 | V, C, CC | |
Spanish – Seville | Gómez Fernández, D. (1997). El proceso de adquisición de los grupos consonánticos en los niños de la provincia de Sevilla [Acquisition of consonant clusters by children in the province of Seville]. Cauce, 20-21(2), 623-702. | 104 | CC | |
Spanish – Seville | Gómez Fernández, D. (2007). El proceso de adquisición de los alófonos fricativos en los niños de Sevilla y su provincia (I): desde los 12 a los 24 meses [Acquisition of fricatives by children in Seville and province (I): from 12 to 24 months]. Cauce, 30, 97-146. | 17 | C | |
Spanish – Seville | Gómez Fernández, D. (2010). El proceso de adquisición de los alófonos fricativos en los niños de Sevilla y su provincia (II): durante los 25, 26 y 27 meses [Acquisition of fricative allophones in children from Seville province (II): From 25 to 27 months]. Cauce, 33,257-286. | 6 | C | |
Spanish – Seville | Navarro, P. M. (2007). Adquisición del lenguaje: Orden de adquisición de las consonantes en la lengua española. [Language acquisition: Order of consonant acquisition in Spanish]. CAUCE, Revista Internacionul de Filología y su Didáctica, 30(1), 297-336. | 1 | C | |
Swahili | Gangji, N., Pascoe, M., & Smouse, M. (2014). Swahili speech development: Preliminary normative data from typically developing pre-school children in Tanzania. International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders, 50(2), 151-164. | 24 | C, CC, V, PCC, PVC | |
Swedish | Lagerberg, T. B., Anrep-Nordin, E., Emanuelsson, H., & Strömbergsson, S. (2021). Parent rating of intelligibility: A discussion of the construct validity of the Intelligibility in Context Scale (ICS) and normative data of the Swedish version of the ICS. International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders, 56, 873-886 | 319 | Intell | |
Swedish | Lohmander, A., Lundeborg, I., & Persson, C. (2017). SVANTE – The Swedish Articulation and Nasality Test – normative data and a minimum standard set for cross-linguistic comparison. Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics, 31, 137–154. | 443 | PCC, Intell | |
Swedish | Lohmander, Olsson, M., & Flynn, T. (2011). Early consonant production in Swedish infants with and without unilateral cleft lip and palate and two-stage palatal repair. The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal 48, 271–285. | 21 | C | |
Swedish | Lundeborg Hammarström, I. (2019). LINUS 2.0 – Linköpingsundersökningen. [A phonological test for children from 3 years of age]. Karolinska Institutet. | 495 | C, CC, V, WWA, WWM, WSM | |
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Swedish | Strömbergsson, S., Götze, J., Edlund, J., & Nilsson Björkenstam, K. (2021). Simulating speech error patterns across languages and different datasets. Language and Speech 65, 105–142. | N/A | phonological processes | |
Tagalog/ Filipino | Everatt, J., Smythe, I., Ocampo, D., and Gyamarthy, E. (2004). Issues in the assessment of literacy-related difficulties across language backgrounds: A cross-linguistic comparison. Journal of Research in Reading, 27(2), 141–151. | 27 | Phonological awareness and processing | |
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Tagalog/ Filipino | Limbo, L. A., Mallari, G. P. & Pineda, V. I. (2005). Occurrence of phonological processes among normally developing Filipino children aged 3 to 5 years old through spontaneous speech sampling [Unpublished undergraduate thesis]. University of the Philippines Manila | 24 | Phonological changes | |
Tagalog/ Filipino | Maximo, C. C., Bondoc, M. J., Samarista, E., Mandocdoc, M. J., Marcelino, M. J. C., Quimpo, A., Tan, R. M. & Tuquero, J. T. (2017). Speech intelligibility of typically-developing Filipino language dominant children aged 4 years old enrolled in ECCD-monitored daycare centers in Metro Manila: A secondary data analysis. [Unpublished undergraduate thesis]. University of Santo Tomas. | 19 | Intell | - |
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Tamil | Barathy, R. (2001). Development of phonological processes in 3-4 year old normal Tamil speaking children. [Unpublished master’s thesis]. University of Mysore. | 30 | phonological processes | |
Tamil | Bathina, S., Garibaldi, A., & Venkatesh, L. (2023). Validation of the Intelligibility in Context Scale in Tamil (ICS-Tamil) and insights into children’s speech sound accuracy. Speech, Language and Hearing, 26(1), 61-73. | 125 | Intell, PCC, PVC, PPC | |
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Telugu | Chervela, N. (1981). Medial consonant cluster acquisition by Telugu children. Journal of Child Language, 8(1), 63-73. | 4 | CC | |
Thai | Boonyathitisuk, P. (1982). Articulatory characteristics of kindergarten children aged three to four years eleven months in Bangkok. Unpublished master’s thesis, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. | 1032 | C, CC | - |
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Turkish – Standard | Acarlar, F., & Ege, P. (1996). Türkçe kazanımında kullanılan fonolojik süreçlerin incelenmesi. [Investigation of phonological processes in acquisition of Turkish]. Turkish Journal of Psychology 11(38), 35-43 | 20 | C, PCC | |
Turkish – Standard | Biçer, M. (2020). 2-8 yaş arasındaki çocukların fonolojik gelişimlerinin phon yazılımı ile incelenmesi [Investigation of the phonological development of children between 2-8 years old via Phon software]. [Unpublished master’s dissertation], İstanbul Medipol Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Türkiye. | 120 | C, PPC | |
Turkish – Standard | Ege, P. (2010). Türkçe’deki ünsüzlerin edinimi: Bir norm çalismasi. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 25(65), 16. | 1359 | C, PCC | |
Turkish – Standard | Kopkallı-Yavuz, H., & Topbaş, S. (2000). Children’s preferences in early phonological acquisition: How does it reflect sensitivity to the ambient language. Studies on Turkish and Turkic Languages. Turcologica, 291-299. | 30 | C, CC | |
Turkish – Standard | Topbaş, S. (1997). Turkish children’s phonological acquisition: Implications for phonological disorders. European Journal of Disorders of Communication, 32, 377–397. | 22 | C, PCC | |
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Turkish – Standard | Topbaş, S. (2006). Türkçe Sesletim-Sesbilgisi Testi: Geçerlik- Güvenirlik ve Standardizasyon Çalişmasi. Turk Psikoloji Dergisi 21(58),39–58. | 665 | C, CC, PCC | |
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Urdu | Abbasi, K. (2017). Phonological processes of Urdu language in typically developing children aged between 5;01–6;12 years [Unpublished master’s thesis]. Centre for Clinical Psychology, University of the Punjab, Pakistan. | 120 | phonological processes | |
Urdu | Ali, Z. (2017). Acquisition of Urdu consonants in 5;1–6;12 years old typically developing children [Unpublished master’s thesis]. Centre for Clinical Psychology, University of the Punjab, Pakistan. | 120 | C, PPC, PCC | |
Urdu | Ambreen, S., & To, C. K. S. (2021). Phonological development in Urdu-speaking children: A systematic review. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 64(11), 4213-4234. | 504 | C, PCC, PPC, phonological processes | |
Urdu | Mumtaz, R. (2017). Acquisition of Urdu consonants in typically developing 2–3 years old children [Unpublished master’s thesis]. Centre for Clinical Psychology, University of the Punjab, Pakistan. | 24 | C, PPC, PCC | |
Urdu | Muzaffar, H., Iftikhar, N., Khan, M. S. G., & Malik, S. N. (2019). Development of articulation screening tool to assess the articulation errors in Urdu-speaking school-going children. UMT Education Review, 2(1), 23-37. | 200 | C | |
Urdu | Noveen, S., Butt, A. K., & Alam, M. B. (2017a). Development of a test for articulation and phonological disorders in Urdu-speaking children. The Journal of Riphah College of Rehabilitation Sciences, 5(2), 89–93. | 100 | phonological processes | |
Urdu | Noveen, S., Masood, T., & Habibullah, S. (2017b). Establishment of validity of a test for articulation and phonological disorders among bilingual children in Punjab and Baluchistan. International Journal of Rehabilitation Sciences, 6(02), 37-42. | 70 | phonological processes | |
Urdu | Zahra, N. (2016). Acquisition of Urdu consonants in typically developing children [Unpublished master’s thesis]. Centre for Clinical Psychology, University of the Punjab, Pakistan. | 120 | C, PPC, PCC |