Improving groundwater management to enhance agriculture and farming livelihoods in Pakistan, 2016-2020
Funding
Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research: $2,050,000 (cash)
CSU: $100,000 (cash) plus $541,330 (in-kind contribution)
Other partners: $656,689 (in-kind contributions)
Total $2,150,000 plus $1,198,019 in-kind
CSU Investigators/researchers
Associate Professor Andrew Hall (Project Director), Institute Adjunct Professor Jay Punthakey, Dr Michael Mitchell, Dr Richard Culas, and Associate Professor Catherine Allan
Co-investigators/ project partners
Pakistan Council of Research in Water Resources (PCRWR); University of Agriculture, Faisalabad (UAF); PMAS Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi (UAAR); Sindh Agriculture University (SAU); Mehran University of Engineering & Technology (MUET); NED University of Engineering & Technology (NED); Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering & Management Sciences (BUITEMS); Punjab Irrigation Department (PID); Sindh Irrigation Department (SID); Balochistan Irrigation & Power Department (BID); International Waterlogging & Salinity Research Institute (IWASRI); and International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA).
Description
This project is a step toward more effective groundwater use for social, economic and environmental benefits in Pakistan, a country whose population of over 180 million relieves heavily on agriculture. Around 95% of the country's water consumption is for agriculture and the pressure on available resources is increasing.
Surface water supply is highly variable and dependence on groundwater has rapidly increased with over one million tubewells in use. Most are owned by private farmers. Continuous decline in groundwater levels and spread of salinization is rendering fertile lands unusable and undermining livelihoods. Groundwater over-extraction is being exacerbated by increased cropping intensity to meet food security need, electricity subsidisation, inefficient irrigation practices, and a deficient regulatory and policy framework.
The core of this project is collaboration through partnerships to address the complexity of achieving effective, fair groundwater management. It aims to build the capacity of researchers, farmers, farming communities and relevant government and non-government agencies to improve groundwater management in ways that enhance farming family livelihoods in Pakistan.
The project is designed to provide an enabling environment for communities to participate in the research process and to develop socially acceptable solutions. The three case study locations in different agro-ecological settings are:
- The Lower Bari Doab in Punjab
- Pishin Lora Basin in Balochistan
- The Shaheed Benazirabad (formerly Nawabshah) and Naushahro Feroze Districts
The project is one of a suite of collaborative research projects between Australia and Pakistan focused on improving water management.
Outputs
ACIAR project Fact Sheet
Project website: www.aciargw.com
Understanding Groundwater: A learning resource for farmers in Pakistan English version
Understanding Groundwater Sindhi Version
Understanding Groundwater Urdu Version
On-farm water management learning resources for farmers
On-farm water management Sindhi version
On-farm water management Urdu version
On-farm water management manual Powerpoint slides Sindhi version
Akhtar, S., Zeeshan, M., Allan, C. & Mitchell, M. (2019) Community involvement in water management in Punjab, Pakistan: A strategy to sustainability of livelihoods of farmers. Paper presented at Australasian Ground Water Conference, Brisbane Convention & Exhibition Centre Queensland, November 24 -27.
Hassan, G., Allan, C., Punthakey, J., Mitchell, M. & Aktar, S. (2019) Groundwater regulation-governance-management nexus: a case study from Punjab, Pakistan. Paper presented at Australasian Ground Water Conference, Brisbane Convention & Exhibition Centre Queensland, November 24 -27.
Mitchell, M., Allan, C., Akhtar, S., Khair, S., Mangan, T. & Javad, K. (2019) Supporting better management of groundwater in Pakistan: a collaborative approach. Paper presented at Australasian Ground Water Conference, Brisbane Convention & Exhibition Centre Queensland, November 24 -27.
Khair, S.M., Rasid, A., Ahmed, F., Khilji, R., Mitchell, M. & Allan, C. (2019) Improving groundwater management using a participatory research approach in Balochistan, Pakistan. Paper presented at Australasian Ground Water Conference, Brisbane Convention & Exhibition Centre Queensland, November 24 -27.
Mangan, T., Nangraj, M., Mitchell, M., Allan, C. & Punthakey, J.F. (2019) Exploring options for improved groundwater management using a participatory research approach in Sindh, Pakistan. Paper presented at Australasian Ground Water Conference, Brisbane Convention & Exhibition Centre Queensland, November 24 -27.
Javad, K., Mitchell, M., Allan, C.A. & Punthakey, J.F. (2019)The role of communications in building collaborative inquiry: Reflections from a complex groundwater project. Paper presented at Australasian Ground Water Conference, Brisbane Convention & Exhibition Centre Queensland, November 24 -27.
Ahmed, W., Shafgat, E., Punthakey, J. & Memon, A. (2019) Recommendation for groundwater management for lower Indus basin: a case study of Sukkur barrage left bank command. Paper presented at Australasian Ground Water Conference, Brisbane Convention & Exhibition Centre Queensland, November 24 -27.
Hassan, G.Z., Allan, C. & Hassan, F.R. (2019) Historical sustainability of groundwater in Indus Basin of Pakistan. Paper presented at the 3rd World Irrigation Forum of ICID, Bali, Indonesia, September 1-7.
Khan, M., Punthakey, J., Mitchell, M., Allan, C.& Iqbal, S. (2019) Integrating web and mobile applications for improved groundwater management in a developing world context.Paper presented at Australasian Ground Water Conference, Brisbane Convention & Exhibition Centre Queensland, November 24 -27.
Christen, E. W., Mitchell, M., Roth, C. & Rowley, E. (2019) Addressing research complexity: Analysing pathways to impact and using transdisciplinary approaches. Agricultural Science, 30/31(2/1), 32-43.
Imran, M. A., Ali, A., Ashfaq, M., Hassan, S., Culas, R. & Ma, C. (2019) Impact of climate smart agriculture (CSA) through sustainable irrigation management on resource use efficiency: A sustainable production alternative for cotton. Land Use Policy, 88, 104113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.104113
Imran, M. A., Ali, A., Ashfaq, M., Hassan, S., Culas, R, & Ma, C. Ma (2018) Impact of Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) through Sustainable Irrigation Management on Cotton Production and Livelihood of Farmers in Punjab, Pakistan, Sustainability, 10(6), 2101; http://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/10/6/2101
Outcomes
It is expected that by the end of the four year project that:
- Farmers, farming organisations and partner non-government organisation will have begun introducing improved groundwater management practices
- Government agencies in Pakistan will have started developing/demonstrating improved groundwater planning, monitoring, management strategies, options and policies
- Relevant provincial-level government agencies, NGOs and farming organisations will have developed effective partnerships for ongoing discussion on groundwater management issues and solutions
Contacts:
Associate Professor Catherine Allan email
Dr Michael Mitchell email
Albury Wodonga Campus
January 2020